Exophthalmos is a feature commonly associated with which thyroid condition?

Exophthalmos is a feature commonly associated with which thyroid condition?

• A. Hypothyroidism
• B. Hyperthyroidism
• C. Addison's disease
• D. Migraine

Answer: (B)

Exophthalmos is most closely linked with autoimmune hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves’ disease. In Graves’, antibodies stimulate the TSH receptors, causing excess thyroid hormone production. The same autoimmune process affects the tissues behind the eyes, causing inflammation and swelling of the extraocular muscles and orbital fat. This expansion pushes the eyeballs forward, producing the characteristic protrusion, along with possible lid retraction and double vision. Exophthalmos is not a typical feature of hypothyroidism, Addison’s disease, or migraines, which is why hyperthyroidism (especially Graves’ disease) is the best match.

Exophthalmos is most closely linked with autoimmune hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves’ disease. In Graves’, antibodies stimulate the TSH receptors, causing excess thyroid hormone production. The same autoimmune process affects the tissues behind the eyes, causing inflammation and swelling of the extraocular muscles and orbital fat. This expansion pushes the eyeballs forward, producing the characteristic protrusion, along with possible lid retraction and double vision. Exophthalmos is not a typical feature of hypothyroidism, Addison’s disease, or migraines, which is why hyperthyroidism (especially Graves’ disease) is the best match.